1. Armitage, AK and Turner, DM. (1970) Absorption of nicotine in cigarette and cigar smoke through the oral mucosa Science, 226, pp. 1231 - 1232.
2. Brunnemann, KD and Hoffman, D. (1974) The pH of tobacco smoke Food Cosmetics and Toxicology, 12, pp. 115 - 124.
3. Djordjevic, MV and Hoffman, D and Glynn, T and Connolly, GN. (1995) U.S. commercial brands of moist snuff, 1994: assessment of nicotine, moisture and pH Tobacco Control, 4, pp. 62 - 66.
4. Fant, RV and Henningfield, JE.(1998) Pharmacology and abuse potential of cigars. In Cigars: Health Effects and Trends. Smoking and Tobacco Control Monograph #9. ( pp. 181 - 193 ). Bethesda Maryland: National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. In
5. Gerlach, KK and Cummings, KM and Hyland, A and Gilpin, EA and Johnson, MD and Pierce, JP.(1998) Trends in cigar consumption and smoking prevalence. In Cigars: Health Effects and Trends. Smoking and Tobacco Control Monograph #9. ( pp. 21 - 52 ). Bethesda Maryland: National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. In