1. Arlin, Patricia K. Teaching for Thinking, The Arlin Test of Formal Reasoning Applied. East Aurora, New York: Slosson Educational Publications, Inc., 1987.
2. Beane, James A. A Middle School Curriculum, from Rhetoric to Reality. Columbus, Ohio: The National Middle School Association, 1990.
3. Bryuner, J. S. Toward a Theory of Instruction. New York: Norton, 1966.