1. Center for Long-term Care Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
2. College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
3. Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
4. Department of Nursing, Yuhing Junior College of Health Care and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
5. Master Program of Long-term Care in Aging, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
6. Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
7. Department of Education and Psychology, University of Dubuque, Dubuque, Iowa, USA