1. Spectrum Analysis
2. M. Joos,Acoustic Phonetics, Language Monographs, No. 23, Baltimore, 1948, 83.
3. A disk recording of the synthetic vowels described here is available. This recording includes the synthetic vowels that were selected finally as the closest approximations to the 16 cardinal vowels and separately the series of 235 experimental vowels from which the selection was made. The disk can be obtained, at cost, by writing to The Haskins Laboratories, 305 East 43rd Street, New York, N. Y.