1. Department of Surveying and Mapping, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
2. Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
3. Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
4. Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada