1. Department of Tourism Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
2. Department of Food and Beverage, College of Human Ecology, Shih Chien University, Taipei, Taiwan
3. Department of Hospitality Management, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
4. Department of Risk Management and Insurance, Ming Chuan University, Taipei, Taiwan
5. Department of Management and Information, National Open University, Taipei, Taiwan