1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Joint USTB-Virginia Tech Laboratory on Multifunctional Materials, USTB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
2. Department of Civil Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
4. National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology, Beijing 100083, People’s Republic of China