1. Ocean Resources Research Center for Next Generation (ORCeNG), Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino, Japan;
2. Frontier Research Center for Energy and Resources (FRCER), School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;
3. Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan;
4. Department of Systems Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;
5. Submarine Resources Research Center, Research Institute for Marine Resources Utilization, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan;
6. Department of Planetology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan