1. Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
2. Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
3. Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
4. Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
5. Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), Biodiversity and Forests Area, Hayama, Japan