Introduction

Abstract

AbstractFBC technology with the advantages of flexible fuel applicability, stable temperature control, inherently low gas-pollutant emissions, etc. is an advanced fuel-conversion technology, applied in industry, and in heat and electric utilities. Theoretically, FBC has good gas-solid mixing and a resulting uniform temperature distribution. In the actual FBC operation, however, especially in large-scale reactors, the mixing of oxygen and fuel is still limited by the lateral solids dispersion coefficient and gas penetration. Such an issue not only reduces the combustion efficiency but also brings a series of problems related to the operation, such as excessive emissions and bed agglomeration. OCAC technology, which is using oxygen carrier particles to partially or completely replace the traditional inert bed materials in fluidized-bed reactors. This technology is aiming to improve combustion efficiency, enhance operational safety, and reduce pollutant emission by promoting the uniformity of the oxygen and temperature distributions in a fluidized-bed reactor. Benefiting from the oxygen buffering characteristic of oxygen carrier particles, OCAC can significantly improve the oxygen distribution throughout the combustion chamber, which can reduce CO and hydrocarbon emissions.