Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection in fully vaccinated patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: results from the COVID-19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Disease (COVAD) study
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Published:2024-08-13
Issue:10
Volume:44
Page:1923-1933
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ISSN:1437-160X
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Container-title:Rheumatology International
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Rheumatol Int
Author:
Palazzo LeonardoORCID, Lindblom JuliusORCID, Kihlgren Olsson EmelieORCID, Nikiphorou ElenaORCID, Wincup ChrisORCID, Saha SreoshyORCID, Shaharir Syahrul SazliyanaORCID, Katchamart WanruchadaORCID, Akarawatcharangura Goo PhonpenORCID, Traboco LisaORCID, Chen Yi-MingORCID, Lilleker James B.ORCID, Nune ArvindORCID, Pauling John D.ORCID, Agarwal VishweshORCID, Dzifa Dey, Toro Gutiérrez Carlos EnriqueORCID, Caballero-Uribe Carlo V.ORCID, Chinoy HectorORCID, , Barman Bhupen, Singh Yogesh Preet, Ranjan Rajiv, Jain Avinash, Pandya Sapan C., Pilania Rakesh Kumar, Sharma Aman, M Manesh Manoj, Gupta Vikas, Kavadichanda Chengappa G., Patro Pradeepta Sekhar, Ajmani Sajal, Phatak Sanat, Goswami Rudra Prosad, Chowdhury Abhra Chandra, Mathew Ashish Jacob, Shenoy Padnamabha, Asranna Ajay, Bommakanti Keerthi Talari, Shukla Anuj, Pandey Arun Kumar R., Chandwar Kunal, Kardes Sinan, Cansu Döndü Üsküdar, Kim Minchul, Makol Ashima, Chatterjee Tulika, Pauling John D., Wincup Chris, Cavagna Lorenzo, Del Papa Nicoletta, Sambataro Gianluca, Fabiola Atzeni, Govoni Marcello, Parisi Simone, Bocci Elena Bartoloni, Sebastiani Gian Domenico, Fusaro Enrico, Sebastiani Marco, Quartuccio Luca, Franceschini Franco, Sainaghi Pier Paolo, Orsolini Giovanni, De Angelis Rossella, Danielli Maria Giovanna, Venerito Vincenzo, Milchert Marcin, Traboco Lisa S., Wibowo Suryo Anggoro Kusumo, Tehozol Erick Adrian Zamora, Serrano Jorge Rojas, García-De La Torre Ignacio, Loarce-Martos Jesús, Prieto-González Sergio, Gil-Vila Albert, Gonzalez Raquel Aranega, Kuwana Masataka, Yoshida Akira, Nakashima Ran, Sato Shinji, Kimura Naoki, Kaneko Yuko, Knitza Johannes, Tomaras Stylianos, Gromova Margarita Aleksandrovna, Aharonov Or, Gheita Tamer A., Hmamouchi Ihsane, Hoff Leonardo Santos, Giannini Margherita, Maurier Francois, Campagne Julien, Meyer Alain, Nagy-Vincze Melinda, Langguth Daman, Limaye Vidya, Needham Merrilee, Srivastav Nilesh, Hudson Marie, Landon-Cardinal Océane, Shaharir Syahrul Sazliyana, Rojas Zuleta Wilmer Gerardo, Pereira Silva José António, Fonseca João Eurico, Zimba Olena, Agarwal VikasORCID, Gupta LatikaORCID, Parodis IoannisORCID
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To determine the occurrence of breakthrough COVID-19 infections (BIs) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared with patients with other rheumatic autoimmune diseases (rAIDs), patients with non-rheumatic autoimmune diseases (nrAIDs), and healthy controls (HCs).
Methods
The study was based on data from 7035 fully vaccinated respondents to the online COVAD questionnaire with SLE (N = 852), rAIDs (N = 3098), or nrAIDs (N = 414), and HCs (N = 2671). BI was defined as COVID-19 infection occurring in individuals vaccinated with ≥ 2 doses (or 1 dose of J&J) ≥ 14 days after vaccination and not after 6 months since the last vaccine dose. Data were analysed using linear and logistic regression models.
Results
A total of 91/852 (10.7%) SLE patients reported at least one BI. The frequency of BIs in SLE patients was comparable to that among HCs (277/2671; p = 0.847) and patients with nrAID (39/414; p = 0.552) but higher than that among patients with other rAIDs (235/3098; p = 0.005). No demographic factors or treatments were associated with BIs in SLE patients (p ≥ 0.05 for all). Joint pain was more frequent in SLE patients than in HCs (odds ratio [OR]: 3.38; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.89–6.04; p < 0.001) or nrAID patients (OR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.04–5.75; p = 0.041). Patient with SLE did not report a higher frequency of hospitalisation or need for advanced treatment for COVID-19 infection compared with disease controls and HCs, respectively.
Conclusion
COVID-19 vaccination conferred similar protection against COVID-19 infection in terms of frequency and severity in patients with SLE to that reported by healthy individuals.
Funder
Swedish Rheumatism Association King Gustaf V’s 80-year Foundation Swedish Society of Medicine Nyckelfonden Professor Nanna Svartz Foundation Ulla and Roland Gustafsson Foundation Region Stockholm Karolinska Institutet Karolinska Institute
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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