The Role of Combat Zone Exposure in Development of Upper Airway Inflammatory Disease

Abstract

Abstract Purpose of review Soldiers returning from deployment often complain of new-onset respiratory disease upon their return. It is known that exposure to higher levels of air pollution may occur while on deployment, and air pollution exposure has been identified as a risk factor for development of upper respiratory disease. The purpose of this review is to report findings from recent research regarding pollutant exposure and upper respiratory tract disease among military veterans. Recent findings The prevalence of both allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis is increased among deployed veterans compared to non-deployed counterparts. Deployed service members are also exposed to pollutants at up to 100 × that which is considered acceptable in the United States (U.S.). Summary Deployed military members may be more prone to developing chronic upper respiratory conditions compared to their non-deployed counterparts, and this may be related to exposures overseas which are not routinely encountered in the U.S.