Temporal resolution and pitch discrimination in music education: novel data in children

Abstract

Abstract Background Rehabilitation of hearing and listening difficulties through neuroplasticity of the auditory nervous system is a promising technique. Evidence of enhanced auditory processing in adult musicians is often not based on clinical auditory processing tests and is lacking in children with musical education. Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate the temporal resolution and frequency discrimination elements of auditory processing both in adults and children with musical education and to compare them with those without any musical education. Methods Participants consisted of ten children without musical training and ten children with musical training with mean age 11.3 years and range 8–15 years as well as ten adults without musical education and ten adults with musical education with mean age 38.1 years and range 30–45 years. All participants were tested with two temporal resolution tests (GIN:Gaps-In-Noise and RGDT:Random Gap Detection Test), a temporal ordering frequency test (FPT:Frequency Pattern Test), and a frequency discrimination test (DLF: Different Limen for Frequency). Results All test results revealed better performance in both children and adults with musical training for both ears. Conclusion A positive effect of formal music education for specific auditory processing elements in both children and adults is documented. Larger samples, longitudinal studies, as well as groups with impaired hearing and/or auditory processing are needed to further substantiate the effect shown.