Phonatory function and characteristics of voice in recovering COVID-19 survivors

Abstract

Abstract Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the phonatory function of recovered COVID-19 survivors. The universal outbreak of COVID-19 led to the occurrence of otolaryngological manifestations that raised concerns about the assessment of the phonatory function in recovering patients. Methods This is a prospective, cross-sectional, case-controlled study carried out on 364 laboratory-confirmed non-critical COVID-19 survivors and 100 as healthy controls. The study participants were classified into two groups according to the disease severity. Group1 comprised 212 survivors who recovered from pneumonia and group 2 was made up of 152 survivors of severe pneumonia. All patients were subjected to an auditory perceptual assessment of the voice (APA) and Maximum Phonation Time (MPT) measurements. Results Phonasthenic manifestations were significantly more frequent in COVID-19 survivors than in controls (P < 0.000) with a higher percentage recorded among severe pneumonia survivors (87.5%) than among pneumonia survivors (60.8%) with a P value of < 0.01. Dysphonia and excessively soft loudness were significantly more common among survivors than among controls (P < 0.002 and P < 0.000, respectively) with no significant difference between the patient groups. The MPT was significantly shorter among survivors than among controls (P < 0.000). The mean MPT was 15.97 s in the control group, 10.72 s in the pneumonia group, and 8.88 s in the severe pneumonia group, with the differences between the groups being statistically significant (P < 0.000), suggesting a higher impairment of lung volume and phonatory function in severe cases. Conclusions Phonasthenia, dysphonia, and decreased MPT could be otolaryngological manifestations of COVID-19. Laryngeal function assessment should be considered in COVID-19 survivors.