The Role of Religion, Wealth, and Livelihoods in the Hunting Practices of Urban and Rural Inhabitants in Western Amazonia
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Published:2023-12-16
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ISSN:0300-7839
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Container-title:Human Ecology
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Hum Ecol
Author:
Oliveira Marcela AlvaresORCID, El Bizri Hani R.ORCID, Morcatty Thais Q.ORCID, Braga-Pereira FrancianyORCID, Fa Julia E.ORCID, Messias Mariluce RezendeORCID, da Costa Doria Carolina RodriguesORCID
Abstract
AbstractHunting by rural and urban populations is essential for securing access to protein and other nutrients throughout the tropics. The hunting patterns of urban hunters in Amazonia, and the similarities with those of rural hunters, are unclear, as are the social factors that influence hunting practices. We analyze the effects of socioeconomic and cultural factors on hunting frequency and composition of species hunted by urban and rural Amazonian hunters. We interviewed 49 urban hunters and 57 rural hunters within 10 municipalities in western Amazonia in Brazil. A total of 44 species were cited as hunted. Our analyses show that the probability of engaging in sport hunting (for recreation) is greater among urban hunters. Rural inhabitants, hunters with lower monetary incomes, and hunters who were non-practicing Christians and atheists hunted more frequently. The composition of species hunted was similar, regardless of the hunters’ livelihood (rural or urban) or religion. We found that hunting frequency is influenced by hunters’ socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds, but these factors do not affect the composition of the harvest. This similarity between urban and rural hunters might be related to species distribution and availability and could potentially impact the most hunted species if hunting grounds overlap. Understanding hunting patterns, especially those of urban hunters, allows for more effective hunting management strategies, improvements in law enforcement against illegal hunting, as well as development of more effective and sustainable conservation actions.
Funder
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) for PNPD research fellow to MAO JEF was supported by USAID as part of the Bushmeat Research Initiative of the CGIAR research program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Sociology and Political Science,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous),Environmental Science (miscellaneous),Anthropology,Ecology
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