1. APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group). 1998. See general references.
2. Appanah, S. 1987. Insect pollination and the diversity of dipterocarps. In: Kostermans, A.J.G.H. (ed.) Proc. 3rd Round Table Conf. Dipterocarps. Jakarta: UNESCO, pp. 277–291.
3. Appanah, S., Chan, H.T. 1981. Thrips: the pollinators of some dipterocarps. Malaysian For. 44: 234–252.
4. Ashton, P.S. 1962. The taxonomy and ecology of the Dipterocarpaceae of Brunei State. Ph.D. Thesis. Cambridge: Cambridge University.
5. Ashton, P.S. 1980. Dipterocarpaceae. In: Dassanayake, M.D. (ed.) A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon 1, pp. 364–423.