1. P. Baldwin, ‘The Welfare State for Historians’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 34 (1992), 695–707
2. Beveridge in the Longue Durée’ in J. Hills et al., Beveridge and Social Security (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994), p. 40.
3. P. Baldwin, The Politics of Social Solidarity (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990), p. 1.
4. R. Lowe, The Welfare State in Britain since 1945 (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1998) identifies the broad range of concepts required for analysis and concentrates on ‘classic welfare state’ up to 1975
5. M. Hill, The Welfare State in Britain (Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1993) offers a government-by-government approach; N. Timmins, The Five Giants (London: HarperCollins, 1995) is an example of ‘high journalism’ which is particularly enlightening on the NHS and the Thatcher years