Locating the epidural space in obstetric patients—ultrasound a useful tool: Continuing Professional Development

Author:

Balki Mrinalini

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine,General Medicine

Reference23 articles.

1. NICE. Ultrasound guided catheterisation of the epidural space. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence: January 2008. Available from URL: www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/IPG249Guidance.pdf (accessed September 2, 2010).

2. Sites BD, Brull R, Chan VW, et al. Artifacts and pitfall errors associated with ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia. Part I: understanding the basic principles of ultrasound physics and machine operations. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2007; 32: 412-8.

3. Sites BD, Brull R, Chan VW, et al. Artifacts and pitfall errors associated with ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia. Part II: a pictorial approach to understanding and avoidance. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2007; 32: 419-33.

4. Grau T, Leipold RW, Horter J, Conradi R, Martin EO, Motsch J. Paramedian access to the epidural space: the optimum window for ultrasound imaging. J Clin Anesth 2001; 13: 213-7.

5. Arzola C, Davies S, Rofaeel A, Carvalho JC. Ultrasound using the transverse approach to the lumbar spine provides reliable landmarks for labor epidurals. Anesth Analg 2007; 104: 1188-92.

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