Abstract
AbstractWomen in many sub-Saharan African countries are at elevated risk of depression during pregnancy. However, there are still gaps in the estimates of antenatal depression and associated risk factors in very low-resource settings such as Northern Ghana. This study describes the prevalence of depression among rural pregnant women, participating in a maternal and child health program, in Ghana, and examines associated risk factors for depression. Pregnant women who were registered for group-based maternal and child health community programs were recruited for study participation from 32 communities in two rural districts in Northern Ghana (n = 374). Baseline surveys were conducted and depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Bivariate and multivariable analyses used a modified Poisson and generalized estimating equations (GEE) model. Of the women in our study population, 19.7% reported symptoms indicative of moderate to severe depression (PHQ-9 score ≥ 10), with 14.1% endorsing suicidal ideation in the last 2 weeks. Bivariate analyses revealed that lower hopefulness, moderate and severe hunger, experiences of emotional, physical, and/or sexual intimate partner violence (IPV), and insufficient social support from female relatives were associated with symptoms indicating moderate to severe depression. In the multivariable analyses, low hopefulness, household hunger, emotional IPV, physical and/or sexual IPV, and insufficient female relative support remained significantly associated with depression. Antenatal depression is associated with unmet basic needs and safety. Perinatal mental health programming must take an ecological perspective and address personal, familial, and community-level factors.
Funder
Catholic Relief Services
Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Sociology and Political Science
Reference55 articles.
1. Arnau, R. C., Rosen, D. H., Finch, J. F., Rhudy, J. L., & Fortunato, V. J. (2007). Longitudinal effects of hope on depression and anxiety: a latent variable analysis. Journal of Personality, 75(1), 43–64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2006.00432.x.
2. Ayano, G., Tesfaw, G., & Shumet, S. (2019). Prevalence and determinants of antenatal depression in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one, 14(2), e0211764. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211764.
3. Ballard T, Coates J, Swindale A, Deitchler M (2011) Household hunger scale: indicator definition and measurement guide. Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II Project, FHI 360, Washington, DC.
4. Baumgartner, J. N., Parcesepe, A., Mekuria, Y. G., Abitew, D. B., Gebeyehu, W., Okello, F., & Shattuck, D. (2016). Correlates of postpartum common mental disorders: results from a population-based study in Amhara region. Ethiopia Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 19(5), 937–942. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-016-0617-5.
5. Bennett, I. M., Schott, W., Krutikova, S., & Behrman, J. R. (2016). Maternal mental health, and child growth and development, in four low-income and middle-income countries. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 70(2), 168–173. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2014-205311.
Cited by
13 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献