1. Beacon Daily Herald. (1923). Local man drops dead at county alms house. November 7.
2. Beisaw, A. M. (2020). Brier Hill Cemetery. ESRI Storymap https://arcg.is/0a0fef
3. Blouse, S. D. (1995). Early social welfare in Dutchess County including the poorhouse system. In Dutchess County Historical Society Yearbook 10. Dutchess County Historical Society, Poughkeepsie, NY.
4. Board of Supervisors County of Dutchess. (1908). Notes of Inspection of the Dutchess County Alms House. Proceedings of the Board of Supervisors County of Dutchess. May 12.
5. Byrnes, J. F. (2015). A Pauper’s Shame: A Biocultural Investigation of Trauma, Impairment, and Disability in the Erie County Poorhouse Cemetery, 1851–1913. Doctoral dissertation, State University of New York, Buffalo.