1. In 1990, the network of the overseas Institutes comprised about thirty establishments throughout the world. Every year a meeting of the directors was held, alternatively in Paris and in another Institute. The network was represented by a permanent delegate at the Pasteur Institute in Paris. J.L. Durosoir, Linstitut Pasteur, Recherche Scientifique, Les Dossiers de l’Outremer, 1985, 90, p.47–52.
2. Albert Calmette, promoter of the overseas Institutes and vice-director of the Institute in Paris wrote: “Without Pasteur’s discoveries, the development and emancipation of indigenous populations, and the exploitation of their discoveries, colonial expansion of France and other great civilized nations would have been impossible”, quoted by N. Bernard, Microbiologie, L’oeuvre de Pasteur et ses conséquences, Masson, Paris, 1937, p.6.
3. For a distinction between Imperialism in Medicine and Medicine in Empire, see Disease, Medicine and Empire, R. MacLeod and M. Lewis eds., Routledge, London, 1988, p.1–17.
4. 1. For a comparison with the British schools on tropical medicine, see M. Worboys, "Manson, Ross and Colonial Medical Policy: Tropical Medicine in London and Liverpool, 1899-1914", in Disease, Medicine and Empire, op. cit., p.21-37
5. 2. P.E.C. Manson-Bahr, The History of the School of Tropical Medicine in London 1899-1949, Lewis, London, 1956