Radiomics combined with clinical and MRI features may provide preoperative evaluation of suboptimal debulking surgery for serous ovarian carcinoma

Abstract

Abstract Purpose To develop and validate a model for predicting suboptimal debulking surgery (SDS) of serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) using radiomics method, clinical and MRI features. Methods 228 patients eligible from institution A (randomly divided into the training and internal validation cohorts) and 45 patients from institution B (external validation cohort) were collected and retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent abdominal pelvic enhanced MRI scan, including T2-weighted imaging fat-suppressed fast spin-echo (T2FSE), T1-weighted dual-echo magnetic resonance imaging (T1DEI), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), and T1 with contrast enhancement (T1CE). We extracted, selected and eliminated highly correlated radiomic features for each sequence. Then, Radiomic models were made by each single sequence, dual-sequence (T1CE + T2FSE), and all-sequence, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to screen the clinical and MRI independent predictors. The radiomic model with the highest area under the curve (AUC) was used to combine the independent predictors as a combined model. Results The optimal radiomic model was based on dual sequences (T2FSE + T1CE) among the five radiomic models (AUC = 0.720, P < 0.05). Serum carbohydrate antigen 125, the relationship between sigmoid colon/rectum and ovarian mass or mass implanted in Douglas’ pouch, diaphragm nodules, and peritoneum/mesentery nodules were considered independent predictors. The AUC of the radiomic–clinical–radiological model was higher than either the optimal radiomic model or the clinical–radiological model in the training cohort (AUC = 0.908 vs. 0.720/0.854). Conclusions The radiomic–clinical–radiological model has an overall algorithm reproducibility and may help create individualized treatment programs and improve the prognosis of patients with SOC. Graphical abstract