Predictors of EQ-5D-3L outcomes amongst injured Māori: 1-year post-injury findings from a New Zealand cohort study

Abstract

Abstract Purpose Māori, the Indigenous population of New Zealand (NZ), are at higher risk of problems with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) 12 months following injury. This paper examines pre-injury sociodemographic and health characteristics and injury-related factors, including healthcare access, and their association with HRQoL outcomes 12 months after injury. Methods The Prospective Outcomes of Injury Study recruited 2856 injured New Zealanders aged 18–64 years from the entitlement claims register of the country’s no-fault injury insurance agency. One-fifth (n = 566) of the cohort were Māori. Information on predictors and outcomes, with the exception of injury and hospitalisation, was obtained directly from participants at approximately 3 and 12 months post-injury. The outcomes of interest were responses to the five dimensions of the EQ-5D-3L and a dichotomous measure obtained by summing scored responses to each question. Modified Poisson regression was used to identify predictors of each outcome at 12 months post-injury. Results Predictors differed by outcome. Being female, experiencing EQ-5D-3L problems pre-injury, having ≥ 2 chronic conditions pre-injury, perceiving one’s injury to be a threat of long-term disability, and having trouble accessing health services for injury were common predictors of EQ-5D-3L problems at 12 months post-injury for Māori. Conclusion Opportunities exist to improve HRQoL outcomes by identifying individuals in the early stages of injury recovery who may benefit from further treatment and support.