1. Allina, Eric. Slavery By Any Other Name: African Life Under Company Rule in Colonial Mozambique. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012.
2. Anderson, Allan. African Reformation: African Initiated Christianity in the 20th Century. Trenton: Africa World Press, 2001.
3. Baronov, David. The African Transformation of Western Medicine and the Dynamics of Global Cultural Exchange. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2008.
4. Bastos, Cristiana. “Medical Hybridisms and Social Boundaries: Aspects of Portuguese Colonialism in Africa and India in the Nineteenth Century.” Journal of Southern African Studies 33, no. 4 (2007): 767–782.
5. Beck, Ann. A Medical History of the British Medical Administration of East Africa, 1900–1950. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1970.