RISK FACTOR ASSESSMENT, ETIOLOGY,CLINICO-RADIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND PROGNOSIS IN CVA

Abstract

Background: Stroke is a signicant health concern globally, and its incidence can vary across different regions and populations. Understanding the epidemiology and risk factors for stroke in specic regions is crucial for effective prevention and management. This study investigates the prole of stroke patients in South India, focusing on gender disparities, risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes. Aim: To study the clinical prole, various types and sites of stroke in the study population Materials and Methods: This observational study enrolled 100 stroke patients, excluding those not meeting the inclusion criteria. Patients were assessed clinically, and relevant data were collected. Gender disparities, stroke types (ischemic vs. hemorrhagic), clinical features, anatomic locations, etiological factors, and risk factors were documented. Additionally, oneweek prognoses and outcomes were evaluated. The ndings were compared to existing studies to provide context. Results: The study revealed a 28% higher incidence of stroke in males (64%) compared to females (36%), aligning with similar ndings in previous research. Ischemic strokes predominated (88%), consistent with estimates from the American Heart Association. Hemiplegia/hemiparesis was the most common clinical feature (72%), followed by loss of consciousness (58%) and headache (44%). Hemorrhagic stroke patients displayed more severe symptoms and lower GCS scores. Partial Anterior Circulatory Strokes (43%) and small vessel disease (51%) were the most prevalent anatomic locations and etiological factors, respectively. Hypertension (52%) and cigarette smoking (36%) were the most common risk factors. Conclusion: 1. This study contributes to understanding stroke epidemiology in South India. Gender disparities, prevalence of ischemic strokes, clinical features, anatomic locations, etiological factors, and risk factors. 2. Hemorrhagic strokes were associated with higher mortality and morbidity, underscoring the need for specialized care in this population. 3. These insights emphasize the importance of tailored prevention and management strategies in regions with unique risk factor proles and genetic characteristics.