STRESS HYPERGLYCEMIAAS PREDICTOR FOR SHORT TERM OUTCOME IN ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE

Abstract

Stroke is one among the leading causes of long term morbidity and the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. Diabetes mellitus is a well know risk factor for stroke, increasing the risk of mortality and morbidity with stroke compared to non diabetic patients. Acute stroke can cause stress hyperglycemia which may have an impact on the outcome. Thus, hyperglycemia foretells increased mortality and morbidity among the other variables that affect the outcome of a stroke, such as the subtype and severity of the stroke. This study was done to assess the presence of stress hyperglycemia and its effects on acute ischemic stroke. Materials and methods:Aprospective and comparative study was conducted at Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore, on 110 acute ischemic stroke patients. National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) and Capillary blood glucose (CBG) were noted from all the study participants, at admission and at follow up period of 3 months. Patients were categorised into normoglycemic, stress hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus groups based on FBS, PPBS, HbA1C values. Short term functional recovery among the 3 groups were assessed.Results: Stress hyperglycemia was observed in 26.37% of the study patients. Relatively less functional recovery at the end of 3 months was observed in stress hyperglycaemic patients compared to normoglycemic stroke patients. Stress hyperglycemia can be considered as a signicant prognostic marker of short term outcome in ischemic stroke. Conclusion: Stress hypeglycemia has poor short term outcome on morbidity with ischemic stroke. Hence, adequate management of glycemic levels at presentation can have a better short term outcomes of ischemic stroke.